八年级英语上册第一单元

生活中可以没有诗歌，但不能没有诗意;行进中可以没有道路，但不能没有前进的脚步;工作中可以没有经验，但不能没有学习，人生中可以没有闪光，但不能有污迹。好比复习时不能三心二意。下面就是小编为大家梳理归纳的内容，希望能够帮助到大家。

英语第一单元知识点

一、短语

1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般现在时，第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加's'/'es'。

2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment ....用现在进行时，结构是be (am, is, are) +v-ing

3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间, some day, next....用一般将来时，结构：will + v原 \ be going to +v原(没有动词用be )

4、如有yesterday, ......ago , last....just now.....用一般过去时动词加ed

give sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 every day每天,

write down 写下，记下write it (them) down everyday每天的，日常的,

how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么样 each other 互相.

thanks a lot= thank you very much非常谢谢

回答That's all right. =You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.=Not at all.Why don't you+V原...=why not+...V原 为什么不

help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人 help sb. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事

with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助help oneself to sth.请自用食物

watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，(现在没有做，做过)

watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see, hear类似

remember to do sth.想起记得要做某事，未做事 remember doing sth.相起记得做过某事

forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事

welcome back欢迎回来 , new term新学期

this term这学期 , next term 下学学期,

last term上学期, give you some advice给你一些建议,

why not 为什么不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误,

correct spelling正确的拼写, what else?=what other things? 还有什么

a piece of advice 一条建议, follow /take one's advice采用别人的建议,

send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄给某人 send for派人去请/取

send up发射. all the time一直

enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快

lots of =a lot of =many(可数)\much(不可数)许多 , ,

spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事

sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事

Sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花费钱买某物

Sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物

Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱

pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付钱

Take: It takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间

ask for 请求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物

ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一块

enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式V-ing

place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…里面

else常修饰不定代词，关系代词或副词，也可修饰all, much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格为else's.

take a deep breath深呼吸, catch\hold one's breath屏住呼吸,

out of breath上气不接下气, wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,

the number of …的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单, a number of =many,大量，许多后跟名词复数，动词用复数形式。a large number of， a small number of ,

invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.发现做某事怎么样

try to do sth.尽力做事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 　try not to do sth .尽力不做某事 try one's best尽某人的努力,

a group of 一组，一群, borrow sth from sb.从某人处借入某物,

lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物 keep借一段时间

practice doing sth.,练习做做某事 come from=be from来自,

look for 寻找, look after=care for=take care of照顾

look up 向上看，查阅, look like看起来像,

look at 看着, look on sb. as把某人看作,

look forward to doing sth. 盼望，期待做某事 look over检查，翻阅 ,

look out当心，向外看 , look through仔细查看,

be ready for =get ready for=prepare for为…, be ready准备好 ,

be (get ) ready to do sth.准备做某事，乐意做某事 translate…into… 将…译成…，

take a message捎个信， leave a message留个信，

be good for 对…有好处， be good at =do well in擅长于…

be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅长… Think of 想起，

think about想出， think over仔细考虑，

else修饰不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,

nobody和who, what,when,where时放后，

四说，1,speak说语言，2.say说内容，3,talk与谁说，4,tell告诉，讲述，

四看，1,watch观看电视，比赛和表演，2,see看人，电影，医生，风景，

3,read看书，报，4,look就看。 看场电影要用see，读书看报用read 电视、戏剧、比赛，凡是表演用watch,observe细观察，一时注意用notice.

make+宾语+补足语(形容词)使某人某物怎么样。

.make+宾语+do 让某人做某事

make+宾语+过去分词 使某人被怎么样;make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，

hear of听说， hear from收到某人的来信，

be bad for对…有害， it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.写性格，品质 kind, good

nice ,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。

It is+adj+for sb +to do sth. 对物的评价difficult,easy hard,dangerous,important,等

write to… 给…写信， next to 在…旁边，

do some concerts办音乐会， speak to sb.和某人讲话，

say hello to sb. 给某人问好， say bye to sb.向某人说再见，

show sb. around somewhere带某人参观某地， learn sth from sb.向某人学习

choose the correct answers选择正确答案, correct the mistakes改错,

match …with…把…和…搭配起来

建议：1.why don't you do sth?=why not do sth?

2.How about doing sth?=what about doing sth?

3.You should /can do sth. 4.Remember to do sth.

5.Don't forget to do sth. 6.can you do sth ?

7.Let's do sth. 8.It'sa good idea to do

9.would you like to do ? 10.Shall we do

11.You'd better (not )do sth.

回答：That's a good idea.Thanks a lot.

Great, OK. That's right. All right. Good idea. Sure. 二、句型

1. 疑问词 how 的用法

(1) 怎样，用什么手段，方法/交通工具

How are you? / How is she?

How did he do it? / I don't know how to swim.

How do you come to school?

(2) 情况如何(指身体健康状况) How are you?

(3) how many，how much 表示"多少"其中how much 还可以表示钱数。

how many 后接可数名词复数，how much 接不可数名词。

How many times do you go to the park?

How many pens do you want?

How much water do we drink every day?

How much are those pants?

(4) how often 是对动作发生的“次数”提问，询问的是频率“多久一次”

回答可以是：Every day. / Once a week. / Three times a week. / Often. / …

How often do you play tennis?

How often do you surf the Internet?

(5) How old …? 询问年龄 How old are you? I am five.

(6) How about …? ……如何?……怎么样? How about going to the movies?

2. time 表示不可数名词，意为“时间”。

表示可数名词，意为“次数，倍数”

What time is it?

I go to the movies three times a week.

注意“次数”的表达方法

一次 once，两次 twice，三次或三次以上用基数词加上 times：

three times, five times, one hundred times

表示“……几次”的表达方法是：

once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year

twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year

2. exercise v./ n. shop v./ n.

He often exercises on weekends.

We often do / take exercise on weekends.

We often shop on weekends.

There are many shops in the neighborhood.

4. as for 意为“就……而论;至于”

As for fruit，I eat it sometimes.

As for him，I never want to see him here.

至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。

5. My mother wants me to drink it.

我妈妈想要我喝。

want to do sth. 想要做某事

want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事

Do you want to go to the movies with me?

你想和我一起去看电影吗?

I want you to help me with my math.

我想要你帮我学数学。

有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语：

ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事

tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事

help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

6. She says it's good for my health.

她说它对我的健康有意。

be good for … 表示“对……有益(有好处)”

其反义为：be bad for … 对……有害/无益

It's good for us to do more reading.

多读书对我们有好处。

Drinking milk is good for your health.

喝牛奶对你的健康有益。

Reading English is good for studying English.

对英语对学习英语有益/有帮助。

Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.

在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。

7. usually when I come home from school

通常是在我从学校回家时

When + 从句 当……时候

I often stay at home when it is rainy.

8. I try to eat a lot of vegetables. try to do sth. 尽量/尽力做某事

I'll try to learn English well. 我会尽量尝试学好英语的。

You must try to take more exercise. 你必须尽量多做运动。

9. I look after my health. look after 照顾

My brother is ill. I have to look after him today.

我的弟弟病了。我今天不得不照顾他。

All the students must look after the desks and chairs.

有的学生必须照看好课桌椅。

He often helps his mother look after his little sister.

他经常帮助他的妈妈照顾他的小弟弟。

10. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.

我健康的生活方式帮助我取得好的成绩。

help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

She often helps me learn math. 她经常帮助我学数学。

11. Good food and exercise help me to study better.

好的食物和运动帮助我学习得更好。

help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

12. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?

= Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle?

她的生活方式和你的一样或是不同?

be the same as … / be different from … 与……一样/与……不同

She looks the same as her sister. 她看起来跟她的妹妹很像。

This book is different from that one. 这本书跟那本书不一样。 　13. I think I'm kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。

kind of = a little a kind of 一种

14. maybe (adv.) = perhaps 也许，可能 Maybe he knows the answer.

Maybe they'll go skateboarding. He may know the answer.

15. although = though 虽然 Although he's ill, he goes to school on time.

虽然他生病了，但他还是准时上学。

She eats a lot of chocolate, although she is very fat.

虽然她很胖，但她却吃许多的巧克力。

16. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.

A lot of = lots of = many/ much 许多

keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy

keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态

Keep quiet! The baby is sleeping.

那婴儿正在睡觉，保持安静!

We must keep our classroom clean.

我们必须保持我们的教室干净。

17. 注意 sometimes 与几个形似的词的区别。

(1) sometime 是副词，意为“在某个时候;某时”

Will you come again sometime next week?

下周的某个时候你会再来吗?

She was there sometime last year.

她去年某时去过那。

(2) some time 是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用

I will stay here for some time.

我将在这呆一段时间。

He worked for that company for some time.

他为那家电脑公司工作了一阵子。

(3) some times 是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”

I met him some times in the street last month.

上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。

The factory is some times larger than that one.

这间工厂比那间大好几倍。

(4) sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时”

He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.

他有时周末去滑滑板。

18. That sounds interesting. 那听起来有趣。

look(看起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(觉得)，seem(好象)，grow(变得) ,　get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。

It tastes good. 这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet.

这音乐听起来很入耳。

上册英语第一单元导学案

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation

Section A集中识词

【学习目标】：1，掌握重点单词的用法

2，掌握重点句型：Where did you go on vacation?

Did you go anywhere interesting?

【学习重点】：一般过去时的复习

【课前预习】：看P7,8，完成下列单 词： (一个两遍)

1. 任何人______________________2. 任何地方____________________3.精彩的__________________

4.很少____________________ 5.大多数_____________________6. 某物;某事__________________

7.没有什么____________________8.每人___________________9.我自己__________________________

10. 你自己____________________11. 母鸡_________________12.猪_____________________________

13.好像______________________14.厌烦的___________________15.某人_________________________

16.日记______________________

二.完成下列短语：(一个一遍)

1. 相当多____________________2. 去度假___________________3.为考试而学_________________

4.照相____________________5.购物_____________________6.记日记__________________________

7.当然__________________8.夏令营_________________9.出去___________________________

10.第一次______________________11.在农村_________________________

【合作探究】请预习1单元 Section A 的内容，掌握并完成下列知识。

一. anyone 意为____________. 是指人不定代词。某人________, 每个人_________, 没有人__________. 当形容词修饰不定代词时，要后置。

Eg: 1. Is there ________at home? 有人在家吗?

2. Is there _________ _________ in school today? 今天学校有重要的人吗?

【扩展】:不定代词还有指物不定代词：某件事(东西)___________, 任何事(东西)_________, 所有事(东西)_____________，没有事(东西)______________.

还有一些副词：任何地方_________, 某个地方____________, 每个 地方____________,无处__________.

归类：当形容词修饰这些不定代词和副词时， 要______________.

Eg: 1. You can go ________ _________, if you like. 如果你喜欢，你可以去任何有趣的地方。

2. I want to tell you _________ ________ about my vacation.我想告诉你有关我假期的一些特殊的事情。

二. few 意为__________, 修饰___________名词, 倾向于否定。

固定搭配：_____________.修饰_________________名词. 倾向于肯定。

little 意为_____________,修饰___________名词, 倾向于否定。

固定搭配：_____________.修饰_________________名词. 倾向于肯定。

quite a few 表示相当多， 修饰___________名词。quite a little表示相当多，修饰__________名词.

Eg: 1. Tom is happy be cause he has _______ _______ friends here. 汤姆很开心因为他在这有一些朋友。

2. ______people like talking with the bad boy. 很少人愿意和那个坏孩子说话。

3. There is _______ ______milk left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩一点牛奶。

4. There is _______ food in the fridge and you should buy some. 冰箱里几乎没食物了，你应该买一些。

5. There are ______ _____ ______people at the us stop waiting for the bus.公共汽车站有很多人在等车。

6. There’s still _______ ___ ______ milk in the cup. 杯子里仍然有不少牛奶。

三.most adj. _________. most 修饰名词，most of+名词，意为：大部分…,作主语时谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的单复数。

Eg: 1. _______ ________ are studying English hard now. 现在大多数学生都在努力学习英语。

2. I think most of the food ________ (be) delicious.

四.myself 意为：___________. 是反身代词，在句中作同位语或宾语。其它反身代词，我自己:_______,你自己：_______, 他自己_________，她自己________，它自己________，我们自己________，你们自己___________他们自己___________.

固定短语：teach myself 我自学 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 by myself 我亲自…

【跟踪训练】

I. 单项选择。

( )1. ---Kate, I’m going on business. Please look after _______well. ---Don’t worry, Mom. I will.

A. herself B. myself C. yourself D. himself

( )2. I’d like to go _____________ on vacation.

A. nowhere interesting B. interesting anywhere C. somewhere interesting D. interesting somewhere

( )3. ----How was your weekend? ----Very good! I ______the Science Museum with my classmates.

A. visit B. visited C. am visiting D. will visit

( )4. She is new here, so we know ______ about her.

A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything

( )5. I can’t find my watch, but it must be ______in this room.

A. everywhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. somewhere

( )6. Everyone ______I come form Sichuan. Actually(事实上), I come from S handong.

A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks

( )7. ---Did you have a good weekend? ---______. We enjoyed ourselves in the park .

A. I’m afraid not B. I don’t think so C. Of course D. I hope not

( )8. ----Where is my notebook? ---I don’t know. It isn’t here. Maybe _____took it away by mistake.(错误)

A. everybody B. nobody C. anybody D. somebody

( )9. ----How was your trip? ----______. I hope I can go there again.

A. Just so-so B. Not very good C. Nothing special D. Wonderful

( )10. He is a famous(的) cook. This dish tastes ______.

A. very well B. good C. well D. bad

II. 用词的正确形式填空。

1. More and more __________(visit) come to visit China these years.

2. I’m going to go _______(shop) for clothes at the Fashion Parade Store today.

3. The farmer keeps 50 p_______ on the farm every year.

4. It was raining hard. But I left my u__________ at school.

5. Health depends on good food and e_________sleep.

III. 用方框中词的适当形式填空。feed, anything, of course, buy, work

6. Do you have___________ important to say?

7. My father _________me an interesting storybook yesterday.

8. They picked leaves from the tree, and ______them to some little white worms.(虫子)

9. However cold it was, we still went on ________.

10. ---Do you feel like going to see a movie? ----___________.

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation第2课时

Section A

【学习目标】：1，掌握重点词组及复习一般过去时

2，掌握重点句型：Where did you go on vacation?

Did you go anywhere interesting?Did you go out with anyone?

【学习重点】：一般过去时的复习

【课前预习】预习Section A, 提炼以下词组。

1. 待在家里 ________________ 2. 去纽约_________________3. 去参加夏令营___________________

4. 去山区___________________ 5. 去动物园 ________________6. 和其他人一起去________________

7. 买一些特别的东西_____________________8. 遇到一些有趣的人______________________________

9. 好久不见__________________10. 好多照片________________11. 大部分时间__________________

12. 黄果树瀑布__________________13. 喂鸡__________________14. 一些小猪仔_________________

15. 现在再见吧!_________________16. 记日记________________17. 没有人____________________

【合作探究】

I.No one was here. 译：_______________________.

no one意思：________.与no body同义，做主语时，谓语动词用__________形式。且不能与of连用。

none意为没有，既指人又指物，可与of连用。谓语单，复形式皆可。none可做答语，表示一个没有。

Eg: (1) No one ___________(知道) the answer to the question.

(2) _________went swimming last weekend because of the bad weather.

A. Someone B. No one C. Everyone D. Nothing

(3) ---How many books do you have? ----_______.A. No one B. No a C. No body D. None

(4) _____of the students knows what Mr Brown likes. A. No one B. None C. Someone D. Anyone

2. Still no one seemed to be bored. 译:_______________________________.

seem是系动词。意为：____________. seem后接名词，形容词作表语。Seem like…似乎像…

Eg: (1). It ________(seem) a lovely cat. 它看来是只可爱的猫。

(2) You _________very _________. 你好像很生气。

( 3) It _________ a _______ ______.这好像是个好主意。

(4)That funny actor ______ ________ a clown(小丑)。那个滑稽的演员似乎像个小丑。

【知识链接】seem to do sth 似乎要、好像要做某事 It seems that…似乎、看起来…

Eg: (1). He seems ________ ______ ______./ It _______ ______ he is sad. 他似乎很伤心。

(2) The girl seems ____ ______ her homework on time./ It ______ _____ she finishes her homework on time.

3 I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 译：_________________________________.

此句中，to read and relax 做___________成分。及动词不定式在句中做状语。

Eg: (1). Many visitors come to China __________(visit) the Great Wall.

(2). My sister often goes to the Children’s Palace __________(learn) the piano.

(3.) My family want to the countryside _________(see) my grandma last weekend.

4. Why didn’t you buy anything for yourself? 译：_____________________________________.

Why don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+人称+do…? = Why not do…? 表示某人为什么不做某事呢，是一种建议。

Eg: (1) _______ _______ _______go home