高三英语语法知识点归纳

学习任何一门科目都离不开对知识点的总结，尤其是同学们在学习英语时，更要总结各个语法知识点，这样也方便同学们日后的复习。下面是小编给大家整理的高三英语语法知识点，希望能帮助到大家!

高三英语语法知识点

情态动词

一. 表示许可：有may, might, can, could。其中might. could则语气较委婉，但回答由他们引起的问句时，则不用might, could而用can。

1) May \ Might \ Can \ Could I keep the book for a few days? Yes, you can.

否定形式可用may not, can not或must not，不用might not。

2)Visitors may not (或can not/mustn't) touch the button.

二、表示能力：can; be able to. be able to用于各种时态。在一般过去时中，若指“能够并且通过某种努力完成某桩事”，我们必须用be able to。

1) Cats can\ are able to climb trees very quickly.

2) A big fire broke out last night, but everyone was able to escape from the house.

三、表示“责任和义务”的情态动词有must(主观),have to(客观), mustn’t 表示“不可以、不允许”，而have to否定形式：not have to/ needn't。

1) As there was no bus, we had to walk back home. (客观条件)

2) You mustn't shout like that to your parents. (不可以、不允许)

3) You don't have to\ needn’t work if you don't feel well.

四、用于推测：must, may, might, can, could . 但疑问句中只能用can, could.

1) He looks pale. He__________ be ill.

2) ---Who _____it be? It _____(not) be Mr. Smith, for he has just left for Paris.

---It ________be Mr. Brown, for he has something to discuss with me.

3) He said he didn't feel very well. He _____(not) come to the meeting this evening.

(1.must 2. can, can’t, must 3. may\might not)

▲注意: 表推测时 must, should (ought to) , may, could , might 可能性依次递减。should, ought to “应该…”较多地用于预测将来的事。can表示理论上的可能性，用于泛指.may, could, might表示事实上的可能性，用于特指具体的，可能将要发生的事。

1) He should be back by now. 他现在该回来了。

2) The teacher has explained it several times. There ought to be no problem for them.

4) A dog can be dangerous to you 狗可能给人带来危险。(有这种可能性)

This dog is very clever. It may (或might/could) help you find your key.

这条狗非常聪明，他可能会帮助你找到钥匙。指具体的事有可能发生。

高三英语语法知识点

一、非谓语动词

“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特殊：get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise;

advise/suggest, avoid,risk： consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand.

二、复合句

1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别.

例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)

B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)

关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位.因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用.

2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级：which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性).

例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.

B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.

C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.

D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.

高三英语语法知识点

…before…特殊用法(1)"没来得及……就……"

[例句]

The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.

他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。

He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。

To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her.

让我非常失望的是，我还没有来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼，她就已经离开了。

…before…特殊用法(2)"过了多久才……"或"动作进行到什么程度才……"

[例句]

They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.

他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄。

The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.

工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常。

He almost knocked me down before he knew it.

他几乎撞到我了才意识到。

We had walked a long way before we found some water.

我们走了很长的路才找到一点水。

Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉，五年过去了。

高三英语语法知识点

什么是副词?

指出句中的副词：

1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修饰副词“farther”表示程度 farther修饰动词“move”表示方式

2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修饰动词goes，表示频度、频率

3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修饰整个句子

4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修饰形容词，表示程度修饰形容词hot，修饰形容词

高三英语语法知识点

非谓语动词中的易错点

非谓语与其逻辑主语(即动作的执行者或承受者)之间有三种关系，如为主谓关系，则用现在分词或不定式的主动式;如为被动关系则用过去分词、现在分词的被动(强调动作正在进行)或不定式的被动式(动作将进行);如既无主动也无被动关系则只能用状语从句或独立主格结构(即非谓语加上自己的逻辑主语)

Judging/considering/genrally?speaking/supposing?指说话者的动作，故只用主动式。如：?

Having?been?ill?in?bed?for?nearly?a?month?,?he?had?a?hard?time?passing?the?exam.?

解析：从这个句子可以看出，句词的逻辑主语与句子的主语he一致，并且是主谓关系，所以用了现在的分词作状语，同时，分词的动作明显地发生在句子的谓语动词动作之前，故采用了现代分词的完成式。

In?order?to?improve?English?,?________.?

A.?Jenny’s?father?bought?her?a?lot?of?tapes.?

B.?Jenny’s?father?bought?a?lot?of?tapes?for?herself.?

C.?A?lot?of?tapes?were?bought?by?Jenny.?

D.?A?lot?of?tapes?were?bought?by?Jenny?father.?

解析：根据不定式短语我们可以推知，句子的逻辑主语应该是人而不是物，所以，应该排除CD，再就是应该是Jenny提高自己的英语，而不是她爸爸，故答案先B.?

———，we?decided?to?go?out?for?a?walk.?

A.?It?is?fine?B.?It?fine?

C.?Being?fine?D.It?being?fine?

解析：主句主语we与动词短语be?fine之间既无主动关系与无被动关系，所以要加上自己的逻辑主语It，由于不存在主、被动关系，故不能选C项，而应该选D?项。?

————more?attention,?the?trees?could?have?grown?better.?A.?Given?B.To?give?C.Giving?D.?Having?giving?

解析：give与主句的主语之间是被动关系，故选A.如为主动关系则选C.?

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