高考英语语法学习指导：非谓语及时态与语态实例点拨

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　　高考英语语法时态与语态实例点拨

　　一般现在时(经常、习惯、真理格言、时刻表、主将从现)

　　do / does am / is / are done

　　常搭配的时间状语：always, often, usually, sometimes, at times, on Saturdays, every day, once a month, frequently, every+基数词+可数名词复数(每隔)

　　翻译：

　　1.就像老话说的那样，失败是成功之母。

　　As the saying goes, failure is the mother of success.

　　2.我们每两周回家一次。

　　We go home every other week.

　　3.他每天早上5：30起床，晚上10：00上床睡觉。

　　He gets up at 5：30 every morning and go to bed at 10：00 every night.

　　4.作业每天都做。(用被动语态)

　　Homework is done everyday.

　　5.我们家附近有一家医院，这对我们很必要。

　　There is a hospital nearby which is necessary for us.

　　6.我的航班于上午10点钟起飞。

　　My flight takes off at 10:00 AM.

　　7.如果你尽力的话你会成功的。

　　Youll succeed if you try your best.

　　8.他一来我就告诉他这件事。

　　Ill tell him about it as soon as he comes.

　　补充：want, hope, plan, expect, intend, mean, suppose, think本身一般现在时后接不定式表示将来的含义

　　9.我打算上一所重点大学。

　　I expect to go to a key university.

　　做题法宝：一看主语定单复数、定语态，二看状语或其他句子中的动词定时态

　　一.一般过去式

　　did was/were done

　　常搭配的时间状语：yesterday, last week/month, ago, in the past, in 1980, in the 1980s, the day before yesterday, the other day(不久前的一天), at that time, later that day, once upon a time,

　　翻译：

　　1.我小学上了五年。

　　I studied at the primary school for five years.

　　2.我半年前加入了这个俱乐部。

　　I joined the club half a year ago.

　　3.自从他加入到这个俱乐部已经半年了。

　　It has been half a year since I joined the club.

　　4..他在拐角处停下把空瓶子扔进了垃圾箱。

　　He stopped at the corner and dropped the empty bottle into the dustbin.

　　5.从1952年到1959年他在部队当了7年兵。

　　He served in the army from 1952 to 1959 for seven years.

　　6.中国不再是它过去的样子了。

　　China is no longer what it used to be.

　　7.过去，他写了五部小说。

　　Five novels were written by him in the past.

　　8.是时候努力学习了。

　　Its high time that you worked hard.

　　9.如果我是你的话，我会更努力学习Englishtec。

　　If I were you, I would work harder.

　　三、现在完成时(动作始于过去，持续到现在，并可能继续下去)

　　has / have done has / have been done

　　常搭配的时间状语：lately, recently, in/over/during the past/last few days, these days, so far, by now, up to now, till now,

　　1.这是到这个学校以来，我出席的最重要的讲座。

　　It is the most important lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.

　　2.到目前为止，Tom已经学了2000个英语单词了。

　　So far, Tom has learned 2000 English words.

　　3.她教英语有20年了。

　　She has taught English for 20 years.

　　4.你去过伦敦吗?

　　Have you ever been to London?

　　5. So far, progress _____has been______ (be) very good and we are sure that the work________will be finished________

　　(finish) on time.

　　6.I ____havent found________(find) the book till now.

　　---Dont worry. You may have left it at home.

　　7.His first novel _____has received________(receive) good reviews since it___came out_____(出版、发行) last month.

　　8.In the past few years thousands of films ___have been produced_________(produce) all over the world.

　　四、过去完成时

　　had done had been done

　　常搭配的时间状语: by then, until then,by that time, before 2000, by the end of last month, by the time he was ten,

　　过去完成时的用法：

　　1.过去的过去;到过去某个时间为止的动作

　　2.hardly/scarely(过完) when(一般过去)

　　no sooner(过完) than(一般过去) 表示刚就

　　3.It/This/That was + the 序数词 time + that (过完) 那是第几次做

　　4.hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于过去完成时时表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为原本

　　1.他说他在国外呆了3年了。

　　He said he had been abroad for 3 years.

　　2.在我回家之前他已经离开了。

　　He had left before I got home.

　　3.到上个学期末，我已经学了3000歌单词。

　　By the end of last term, I had learnt 3000 words.

　　4.比赛刚刚开始就开始下雨了。

　　Hardly had the game began when it started to rain.

　　5.那是他第三次犯同一个错误了。

　　It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.

　　6.我本想帮你的，但当时太忙了。

　　I had intended to help you, but I was too busy.

　　五、现在进行时

　　am/is/are doing am/is/are being done

　　现在进行时的用法：

　　1.说话时或者现阶段正在进行的动作;

　　2.某些短暂性动词如come/go/start/ open /close/arrive/return/begin/leave用于进行时表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作;

　　3.与always / continually/ constantly/forever/all the time 连用表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，含有厌恶、赞赏、遗憾等情绪

　　1.我们的朋友现在正在外边等我们呢。

　　Our friends are waiting for us outside.

　　2.她现在正在大学学英语。

　　She is studying English in college.

　　3.我爸妈这周六要来看我。

　　My parents are coming to see my this Statuary.

　　4.他总是先想到其他人。

　　He is always thinking of others first.

　　5.教学楼正在被建。

　　The building is being built now.

　　六、过去进行时

　　was/were doing was/were being done

　　常用时间状语：at this/that time + 过去时间;atoclock + 过去时间;fromto+过去时间; those days; just now; last night

　　1.昨天晚上9点钟你在干什么呢?

　　What were you doing at nine last night?

　　2.那个男孩子正在写作业的时候突然他爸爸进来了。

　　The boy was doing his homework when his father came in.

　　七、一般将来时

　　will do will be done

　　1.老师一来，我们就开始上课。

　　We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

　　2.Sorry, I forgot to buy the book you need.

　　It doesnt matter. I __will____ go myself.

　　3.Look at the clouds. It __is going to___________ rain.

　　4. They are to be married in this May. (按计划安排要发生的动作,非个人能随意改变)

　　5. 你妈回来之前你不要出去。(要求或命令他人做某事)

　　You are to stay home until your mother comes back.

　　6. He is to succeed. (注定)

　　7. The Queen ____is to_______visitJapanin a weeks time.

　　8. The train ___is about to leave_______ (leave).火车马上就要离开。

　　八、过去将来时

　　would do would be done

　　表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，有过去时间或动作作参照。Was/were about to do .when该句型很少与表示将来的具体时间状语连用，但可以和when引导的状语连用。

　　1.他说他会在车站等我们。

　　He said he would wait for us at the bus stop.

　　2.我正准备出门的时候我的一位老朋友来了。

　　I was to about to go out when one of my old friends came.

　　九、将来进行时

　　will be + doing will be being done

　　表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。

　　明天这会我正在写作业。

　　Ill be doing my homework this time tomorrow.

　　十、将来完成时

　　will have +done will have been done

　　表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。

　　常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o‘clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time, before或when等引导的副词从句。

　　到下个月底，他就已经学了3000个单词了。

　　By the end of next month, he will have learnt 3000 words.

　　高考英语语法非谓语学习指导

　　1.语法单句填空

　　引入范例：

　　动词 ing(现在分词)

　　*More highways have been built in China，____ (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

　　答案 making

　　动词 ed分词(过去分词)

　　*Recently the father has found his son increasingly ___ attracted ___ to the Internet games.

　　句意：最近那位父亲发现他的儿子越来越沉溺于网络游戏。宾语his son与attract为逻

　　辑上的被动关系。

　　动词 to do(不定式)

　　Group activities will be organized after class (help) children develop team spirit.(2014重庆，11)

　　答案 to help

　　解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：将在课后组织各种团体活动以帮助儿童培养团队精神。培养团队精神是组织课外团体活动的目的。英语中表示目的时应当使用动词不定式。

　　其他情况

　　The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.(2013四川，10)

　　答案 to be completed

　　(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears more mature than those of her age.(2014福建，27)

　　答案 Having spent

　　解析 考查非谓语动词。花费和其逻辑主语Linda之间是主动关系，故用现在分词;且动作发生在谓语动作之前，用现在分词的完成式

　　1.Time, used (use) correctly, is money in the bank. (2012湖南)

　　2.Having spent (spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.(14福建)

　　3.Having been shown (show) around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.(08陕西)

　　4.Standing(stand) in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad. (2012陕西)

　　5. Tired (tire) and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.(09浙江)

　　6.The next thing he saw was smoke rising (rise) from behind the house. (2011全国I)

　　7. George returned after the war, only to be told (tell) that his wife had left him.(2012山东)

　　8.The lecture having been given (give), a lively question-and-answer session followed.(2014江苏)

　　9.To free (free) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness. (2014湖南)

　　10.Absorbed (absorb) in the book she was reading, Mary didnt notice me approaching.

　　11.Children, whenaccompanied (accompany)by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.(2014湖南)

　　12.Though surprised (surprise)to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.(2010全国Ⅱ卷)

　　13.Though lacking (lack)money, his parents managed to send him to university.

　　14.While crossing (cross) the street, you cant be too careful.

　　15.When completed ( complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.

　　16. The witnesses questioned (question) by the police just now gave very different deions of the fight. (2013陕西)

　　17.His first book to be published (publish) next month is based on a true story.(2010陕西)

　　18.Volunteering gives you a chance to change (change)lives, including your own.(2013北京)

　　19.Prices of daily goods bought (buy) through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. (2002全国春)

　　20.There is a note pinned to the door saying (say)when the shop will open again. (2014山东)

　　21.With the governments aid, those affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. (2009上海)

　　22.Ladies and gentlemen, please remain seated (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop. (2009四川)

　　23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had hadrepaired (repair) went wrong again. (1999上海)

　　24.Tom was explaining to us and he was trying to make himself understood(understand).

　　25.With many brightly colored flowersplanted (plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.

　　26.Lost (lose) in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. (05江苏)

　　27.As the old saying goes, friendship is like money easier made than kept (keep).

　　28.When she was on his way back home, she had her wallet stolen (steal) yesterday.

　　29.Caught (catch) in the heavy rain, he was all wet.

　　30.Given (give) more time, we could do it much better.

　　31.Dressed (dress)in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

　　32.Lost (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

　　33.Driven (drive)by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.

　　34.Seen (see) from the top of hill, the town looks more beautiful.

　　35.When they got there, the girl was found beaten ( beat) black and blue.

　　36.The club, founded (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.

　　37.I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to breathe(breathe).

　　38.I am not accustomed tobeing treated ( treat) like this.

　　39. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laid (lay) for a meal to be cooked

　　41. Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared ( compare) to such art forms as music and painting.

　　2.语法单句改错

　　1.It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside.(2014年辽understand

　　2.He wantedteach me about animals, insects and trees.(2014 陕西)toteach

　　3.She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.(2013新课标全国)

　　hold

　　4. She never seemedcare what the rest of us thought about her. to care

　　5.It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.

　　give

　　6.A very much famous writer agreed to reading my story and give me some advice.

　　read

　　7.One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, had our barbecue.(2014 陕西)having

　　8.Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish.(2013陕西)

　　Feeling

　　9.Follow this explanation, there was a rapid drop in the number of reported sightings.(2011辽宁)Following

　　10.Third, we should find ways to reuse the water using in washing.(2012大纲全国II)used

　　11.I also shared with my friends many photos taking in Beijing.(2012陕西)taken

　　12.The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister. embarrassed

　　13.Im pleasing to hear it, said his boss, but where were you yesterday?pleased

　　14.After think for some time, I let her copy my answers.(2013年四川)thinking

　　15.He isnt good at talk but he gets on well with other people. (2013新课标)

　　talking

　　16.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 oclock at night. (2013年新课标Ⅱ)Having

　　17.Thank you so much for not only giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good person. (2012四川) teaching

　　18.I soon got used to live without my parents around.(2011重庆)living

　　19.The foreigner tried his best to make his pointbe understood.划去be

　　20.They found a piece of rope with one end tying in a circle.tied

　　21. Mark got his hands to burnt in the accident.划去to

　　22. What kept you so exciting? excited

　　23.You should speak loudly enough to make yourself hear. heard

　　24.I noticed the traffic holding up after a bad accident. held

　　25.She denied there be any misunderstanding between them.being

　　26. There were so many people in the street watch the fire that firefighters couldnt get close to the building .watching

　　27.Weatherpermits, we are going to visit you tomorrow. permitting